jackdrogba asked:


Usually, we need to install Bluetooth wireless card driver on laptop or computer before connecting to wireless network, but the users might not too sure on how to install Bluetooth wif pci card Driver.

1, check the network connection and bluetooth wifi pci card is a good line.

2, install the NIC driver. Right-click “My Computer hardware “—-” “—” “—-” Properties Device Manager” – Expand “Network Adapters” – to see if there is no yellow question mark? There, indicating lack of Bluetooth mini pci card driver, install network card driver, (Note must bear in mind, this is the card you are using models).

3, the network card CD-ROM into the drive, right-click “My Computer hardware “—-” “—” “—-” Properties Device Manager”, expand “Network adapters”, right-click the network card — Select “Update Driver”, open the “Hardware Update Wizard”, select “Yes, only this time, the next step “—” “—” Install the software automatically” – “Next”, the system will automatically search and install the CD of the sound card driver, if the disc is not for you to use the sound card driver, and back to a try, until completion.

4, if no suitable CD-ROM. downloads driver software, download driver software should pay attention: First, the brand model to be right, the second is what the system will be used and the third is depends on the time of the driver software release, the latest may not be suitable for use, it may download a few, lug to make.

5, download driver software are generally self-installable, open automatically installed. Not automatically installed, unzip the reserve, to write down the software on disk in a specific path, such as D: \ … … \ ……. Right-click “My Computer hardware “—-” “—” “—-” Properties Device Manager”, expand “Network adapters” Right-click the network card, select “Update Driver” to open “hardware Update Wizard “, remove the” Search removable media “before the hook, check the” Install from a list or specific location “—” Next “, check” Include this location in the search, “in the next list box opened fill out the sound card driver to use the path of the folder (D: \ … … \ … … — “Next”, the system will automatically search for and specify the location to install your wireless mini pci card drivers.

Well Done! Then, you can enjoy you wireless life with a mini pci-e card.

Pointout team asked:


IEEE(Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers) 802.11 standards of communication between wireless devices are set in 2.4 and 5 GHz frequency band. IEEE 802.11 communication architecture is the one building many of todays wireless local networks called wlans.This standard has it’s another popular name “ Wi-Fi “ which is used with the real name interchangeably depending on the market demands. Devices operating with this standard should have a Wi-FI sticker on them meaning they are certified 802.11 products.



The frequency used in 802.11 is either 2.4 GHz or 5GHz depending mostly on where you live. 802.11a is mostly used in United States while 802.11b and 802.11g cover the Wi-Fi communication in Europe and so. There are advantages and disadvantages to using both standards. 802.11 operate at higher frequency meaning all the home devices like  microwave oven , tv etc. doesn’t have much effect on quality of communication and signal. But in other hand solid metal parts of houses in the walls are getting in the way for 802.11a higher frequencies. Also with higher frequency band we cannot establish connection with very distant devices. Maximal distance can be 10-15m in circle.802.11b and g standards offer communication on lower frequencies allowing us to connect at greater distances like 25-30 meters  but the biggest disadvantage of them is that they are affected by microwaves from oven , tv signals etc.

802.11 have similar problems like Ethernet network consisted of hubs connecting PC’s. Because hubs just forward packet that arrives to one port to all other ports and the communication is half duplex packets can collide and make errors.In this case Ethernet uses CSMA/CD (Carier Sense Multiple Access/Collision Detection) to help avoid data packet collisions and react in case they happen.

For more information about wireless networks,standards and protocols visit www.pointout.org your web resource  for computer and network technology.

With 802.11 problem is similar, every device transmits its data over air so packets would be constantly colliding without CMSA/CA (Carier Sense Multiple Access/Collision Avoidance) protocol implemented. This protocol sets the rule of communication in this environment.Every host(node) before transmiting a data packet must first tell the other devices using the network that it’s going to send now and use a channel. Than device is permitted to send his data. The well known problem with this system is called “the missing node” which occurs when two nodes(end hosts) are to far away one from each other to see the signal of other and missing the signal from other node before it starts to send packets, so this can lead to packet collisions.

Another Wi-Fi standard yet in draft form is 802.11n and is being developed pretty fast in the last few years. It should work with a number of antennas and use them simultaneously for data transfers allowing much higher bandwidth in networks like these. For now bandwidth for 802.11a standard is 54Mb/s max.  and for 802.11b 11Mb/s , 802.11g 54Mb/s.

tindestiny asked:


Wireless Technology:

About Wireless Connection:

Wireless network refers to any type of computer network that is wireless, and is commonly associated with a telecommunications network whose interconnections between nodes is implemented without the use of wires, such as a computer network.

Wireless Connectivity Types:

Wireless LAN: Wireless Local Area Network (WLAN) is similar to other wireless devices and uses radio instead of wires to transmit data back and forth between computers on the same network.

• Wi-Fi: Wi-Fi is a commonly used wireless network in computer systems which enable connection to the internet or other machines that have Wi-Fi functionalities. Wi-Fi networks broadcast radio waves that can be picked up by Wi-Fi receivers that are attached to different computers or mobile phones.

• Fixed Wireless Data: Fixed wireless data is a type of wireless data network that can be used to connect two or more buildings together in order to extend or share the network bandwidth without physically wiring the buildings together.

? Wi-Fi Technology:

The purpose of Wi-Fi is to hide complexity by enabling wireless access to applications and data, media and streams. The main aims of Wi-Fi are:

• Enable access to information easily

• Ensure compatibility and coexistence

• Get rid of cabling and wiring

• Get rid of switches, adapters, plugs and connectors.

? Uses of Wi-Fi:

A Wi-Fi enabled device such as a PC, game console, cell phone, MP3 player or PDA can connect to the Internet when within range of a wireless network connected to the Internet. The coverage of one or more interconnected access points called a hotspot can comprise an area as small as a single room with wireless-opaque walls or as large as many square miles covered by overlapping access points. Wi-Fi technology has served to set up mesh networks.

Wi-Fi also allows connectivity in peer-to-peer (wireless ad-hoc network) mode, which enables devices to connect directly with each other. This connectivity mode can prove useful in consumer electronics and gaming applications.

Many consumer devices use Wi-Fi. Amongst others, personal computers can network to each other and connect to the Internet, mobile computers can connect to the Internet from any Wi-Fi hotspot, and digital cameras can transfer images wirelessly.

WiFi Phones:

A WiFi phone is a wireless telephone that looks similar to a mobile phone but places calls via a combination of voice over IP and WiFi rather than via a cellular network. Some WiFi phones use Skype or Vonage for their voice over IP service such as current Belkin and Netgear WiFi phones. Several cellular carriers have created “Dual-mode phones” to compete with WiFi Phones, which can be easily switched between using a WiFi connection when one is available and a traditional cellular network connection when WiFi is not available.

? Advantage Sides:

It’s fast.

Wi-Fi’s latest version is many times faster than DSL or cable connections, and literally hundreds of times faster than those old dial-up connections. That’s particularly handy when you’re working on the run, on the road, or from home: If you’ve ever watched seconds tick by while watching Web pages load, you’ll appreciate the potential productivity gain.

It’s convenient.

As soon as a Wi-Fi-equipped device is within range of a base station, it’s online. With no wires, you can move your laptop computer from place to place — for instance, from your office to a conference room down the hall, without losing your network connection. When traveling, you can set up shop anyplace equipped with a Wi-Fi network: another company’s office, a hotel room, or a convention center.

It’s everywhere.

Public Wi-Fi access sites — or “hot spots” — are multiplying faster than rabbits on Viagra. They’re in bookstores, airport lounges, fast-food restaurants (including some McDonald’s and Schlotzky’s Deli outlets), and coffee shops. In addition, local merchants from Cincinnati to Athens, Ga., to Portland, Ore., are footing the bill for bigger hot spots, accessible throughout a business district or neighborhood.

? Drawbacks:

Range:

Wi-Fi networks have limited range. A typical Wi-Fi home router using 802.11b or 802.11g with a stock antenna might have a range of 32 m (120 ft) indoors and 95 m (300 ft) outdoors. Range also varies with frequency band.

Although you lose the wires, you’re still limited to the base station’s range, typically 75 to 150 feet indoors and a few hundred feet outdoors, depending on equipment, radio frequency, and obstructions.

Power drain:

Networks using early versions of Wi-Fi technology tend to quickly gobble power – a disadvantage for battery-dependent laptop users.

Security:

Here’s the downside of providing fast, easy access. Outsiders can sometimes get into your wireless networks as fast and easily as you can. Check with hardware vendors about the latest security precautions and products. The Wi-Fi Alliance currently recommends using Wi-Fi Protected Access (WPA) technology, which both authenticates users and encrypts data.

To know more about New Mobile & Wirless Products & technology Visit on Smart Devices Direct: http://www.smartdevicesdirect.com/

Regards,

Kethy Wright

http://www.smartdevicesdirect.com/

Greg Dempsey asked:


Start wireless networking with making sure that your computer has the right device for wireless internet connections. Most of the new models out in the market today have built-in wireless transmitters but older models need a wireless adapter plugged into a USB port or PC card slot to make it Wi-Fi capable. New wireless adapter models are compatible with the different 802.11 standards.

Upon installation of the wireless adapter, drivers should be installed to enable the computer or laptop to detect existing Wi-Fi networks in the vicinity and then be prompt for connection. Older computers may need a special program to detect and connect to existing Wi-Fi networks.

An existing home network can be converted into a wireless networking access point. On the other hand, if there is wireless networking unavailable for the computers or if the user wants to switch from an Ethernet network to a wireless one, a wireless router with a wireless access point, firewall, Ethernet hub and a port to the DSL modem can be used.

Using a wireless router, you can either connect computers and printers in your network using Ethernet cables or wireless signals. Wireless routers typically provide 30 meter coverage in all directions. Of course, walls and doors can affect the router’s coverage area. To extend the coverage or range of the wireless router, you can use repeaters or extenders.

Default Settings and User Options

The router will run at its default settings upon activation. The user, however, can change these settings depending on his or her preferences using the web interface. The settings that the user can change are the default setting of the service set identifier or SSID which is the manufacturer’s name, the default channel of the router which is channel 6 most of the time and used to minimize or eliminate interference with a neighbours wireless router operating at the same channel, and the router’s security options which has a username and password option.

Wireless Networking Security Options

The last setting is important to people who would like to limit access to wireless networking. For this, you can use any of the three wireless network security options available. WEP (Wired Equivalent Privacy) for example, uses a 64- or 124-bit encryption method that prompts user to provide a password prior to access. The WPA or the Wi-Fi Protected Access on the other hand is an upgrade of WEP included in the 802.11i protocol.

WPA differs from WEP for instead of the bit encryption method, it utilizes TKIP (Temporal Key Integrity Protocol) encryption to safeguard the network data. As with WEP, all users need to provide a password in order to log in to the network. Finally, the Media Access Control or the MAC eliminates the need for passwords and usernames in providing wireless network security. The MAC utilizes the unique MAC address of every computer to determine who is or who is not allowed into the network.

Steve asked:


The contemporary world is experiencing a slow yet strong revolution in science and technology. Among all the blessings that have so far been given by the modern technologies, Internet comes on a remarkable position. With the progressive time, the need of accessing the Internet is increasing in a drastic way. For facilitating people to meet that criterion there are several products arrived in the market, among which the most recent and popular one is wireless Wi-Fi hotspot.

This is basically a venue that facilitates internet accessing through a wireless local area network. Through Wi-Fi Hotspot service one can access the Internet through his/her laptop or compatible mobile phone or PDA with ease. Apart from offices, there are several public places where this service is provided. Now one will find this service in coffee bar, railway station, cyber café, hotel, airport and in several other places. Among these, the Hotel internet gateway is the most common usage of Wi-Fi technology all over the world.

To run the Wi-Fi hotspots systems the primary element needed is hotspot software. A vibrant software smoothes the working of Wi-Fi accessing. Availing all the necessary elements of Hotspot will be highly beneficial for you if these are availed from the Internet marketplace. There are several companies out there which offer both the Wi-Fi hotspot systems and Hotspot software at reasonable price.

If you belong to any service industry and seeking for hotspot services then also internet would be an ideal solution for you. From the online shops you will be highly benefited by getting your required Hotspot element at comparatively less price than traditional market.

Steve asked:


The world is seeing a revolution. A revolution, which is spreading across the whole world in a silent yet a very strong manner. This revolution is taking place in the domain of communication and is soon posed to assume gigantic proportions. One of the major conducive elements of this revolution is the internet. Internet is very fast becoming one of the most trusted modes of communication all across the world. The nations and regions that were considered inaccessible till a few years back can now be reached through this medium. The power of internet is still in its nascent stages. The passage of time is only going to see it become more and more efficient and omnipresent. The crowning glory has been the easy accessibility of wi-fi hotspot gateways. Now there are many companies that allow various businesses to provide the internet service to the common man.

These companies now allow the businesses and other organizations to give access to the wi-fi hotspot gateways to their customers. Be it a small time coffee shop or an internet café, everybody can make the services of hotspot gateway available to the customers either free or at some cost. An important fact about these companies is that they allow the business that is providing the wi-fi hotspot gateway service to the customers to do it using their own brand.

Even the hotspot gateway can be made available at no cost to the business. There is no need to sign any monthly charging or revenue sharing agreement with the company. All the profit that the business makes by providing the internet service to their customers can now be retained by the business. There is no need to pay any amount to the company that provides the software.

Rathish Kumar asked:


 

Simple way to setup a wifi connection in home.

Introduction About Wifi.

If you’ve been in an airport, coffee shop, library or hotel recently, chances are you’ve been right in the middle of a wireless network. Many people also use wireless networking, also called WiFi or 802.11 networking, to connect their computers at home, and some cities are trying to use the technology to provide free or low-cost Internet access to residents. In the near future, wireless networking may become so widespread that you can access the Internet just about anywhere at any time, without using wires.

 WiFi has a lot of advantages. Wireless networks are easy to set up and inexpensive. They’re also unobtrusive — unless you’re on the lookout for a place to use your laptop, you may not even notice when you’re in a hotspot. In this article, we’ll look at the technology that allows information to travel over the air. We’ll also review what it takes to create a wireless network in your home.

 What is wifi?

A wireless network uses radio waves, just like cell phones, televisions and radios do. In fact, communication across a wireless network is a lot like two-way radio communication. Here’s what happens: A computer’s wireless adapter translates data into a radio signal and transmits it using an antenna.

A wireless router receives the signal and decodes it. The router sends the information to the Internet using a physical, wired Ethernet connection. The process also works in reverse, with the router receiving information from the Internet, translating it into a radio signal and sending it to the computer’s wireless adapter. The radios used for WiFi communication are very similar to the radios used for walkie-talkies, cell phones and other devices. They can transmit and receive radio waves, and they can convert 1s and 0s into radio waves and convert the radio waves back into 1s and 0s. But WiFi radios have a few notable differences from other radios:

They transmit at frequencies of 2.4 GHz or 5 GHz. This frequency is considerably higher than the frequencies used for cell phones, walkie-talkies and televisions. The higher frequency allows the signal to carry more data.

They use 802.11 networking standards, which come in several flavors:  802.11a transmits at 5 GHz and can move up to 54 megabits of data per second. It also uses orthogonal frequency-division multiplexing  a more efficient coding technique that splits that radio signal into several sub-signals before they reach a receiver. This greatly reduces interference.

 802.11b is the slowest and least expensive standard. For a while, its cost made it popular, but now it’s becoming less common as faster standards become less expensive. 802.11b transmits in the 2.4 GHz frequency band of the radio spectrum. It can handle up to 11 megabits of data per second, and it uses complementary code keying (CCK) modulation to improve speeds.

802.11g transmits at 2.4 GHz like 802.11b, but it’s a lot faster — it can handle up to 54 megabits of data per second. 802.11g is faster because it uses the same OFDM coding as 802.11a.

802.11n is the newest standard that is widely available. This standard significantly improves speed and range. For instance, although 802.11g theoretically moves 54 megabits of data per second, it only achieves real-world speeds of about 24 megabits of data per second because of network congestion. 802.11n, however, reportedly can achieve speeds as high as 140 megabits per second. The standard is currently in draft form — the Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers (IEEE) plans to formally ratify 802.11n by the end of 2009.

Other 802.11 standards focus on specific applications of wireless networks, like wide area networks (WANs) inside vehicles or technology that lets you move from one wireless network to another seamlessly.WiFi radios can transmit on any of three frequency bands. Or, they can "frequency hop" rapidly between the different bands. Frequency hopping helps reduce interference and lets multiple devices use the same wireless connection simultaneously.

Building a Wireless Network

How much you know about WiFi and what it does? Test your knowledge with our WiFi Quiz!If you already have several computers networked in your home, you can create a wireless network with a wireless access point. If you have several computers that are not networked, or if you want to replace your Ethernet network, you’ll need a wireless router. This is a single unit that contains:

A port to connect to your cable or DSL modem

A router

An Ethernet hub

A firewall

A wireless access point

A wireless router allows you to use wireless signals or Ethernet cables to connect your computers to one another, to a printer and to the Internet. Most routers provide coverage for about 100 feet(30.5 meters) in all directions, although walls and doors can block the signal. If your home is very large, you can buy inexpensive range extenders or repeaters to increase your router’s range As with wireless adapters, many routers can use more than one 802.11 standard. 802.11b routers are slightly less expensive, but because the standard is older, they’re slower than 802.11a, 802.11g and 802.11n routers. Most people select the 802.11g option for its speed and reliability.Once you plug in your router, it should start working at its default settings. Most routers let you use a Web interface to change your settings. You can select:

The name of the network, known as its service set identifier (SSID) — The default setting is usually the manufacturer’s name. The channel that the router uses — Most routers use channel 6 by default. If you live in an apartment and your neighbors are also using channel 6, you may experience interference. Switching to a different channel should eliminate the problem. Your router’s security options — Many routers use a standard, publicly available sign-on, so it’s a good idea to set your own username and password.

Security is an important part of a home wireless network, as well as public WiFi hotspots. If you set your router to create an open hotspot, anyone who has a wireless card will be able to use your signal. Most people would rather keep strangers out of their network, though. Doing so requires you to take a few security precautions.It’s also important to make sure your security precautions are current. The Wired Equivalency Privacy (WEP) security measure was once the standard for WAN security. The idea behind WEP was to create a wireless security platform that would make any wireless network as secure as a traditional wired network. But hackers discovered vulnerabilities in the WEP approach, and today it’s easy to find applications and programs that can compromise a WAN running WEP security.

 To keep your network private, you can use one of the following methods:

WiFi Protected Access (WPA) is a step up from WEP and is now part of the 802.11i wireless network security protocol. It uses temporal key integrity protocol (TKIP) encryption. As with WEP, WPA security involves signing on with a password. Most public hotspots are either open or use WPA or 128-bit WEP technology, though some still use the vulnerable WEP approach.

 Media Access Control (MAC) address filtering is a little different from WEP or WPA. It doesn’t use a password to authenticate users — it uses a computer’s physical hardware. Each computer has its own unique MAC address. MAC address filtering allows only machines with specific MAC addresses to access the network. You must specify which addresses are allowed when you set up your router. This method is very secure, but if you buy a new computer or if visitors to your home want to use your network, you’ll need to add the new machines’ MAC addresses to the list of approved addresses. The system isn’t foolproof. A clever hacker can spoof a MAC address — that is, copy a known MAC address to fool the network that the computer he or she is using belongs on the network.

­Wireless networks are easy and inexpensive to set up, and most routers’ Web interfaces are virtually self-explanatory. For more information on setting up and using a wireless network

Md Shaffir asked:


If you’re downloading a large files and it’s coming to it’s end, you’re receiving a Skype call from a client in London, without warning, your Wi-Fi connection drops, leaving your download and VoIP call in havock. You’ll retry the wireless connection, but your router, though blinking contentedly in your tense, seems to be off. After three hour, for no reason, your Wi-Fi connection miraculously resurfaces.

Wireless networking can be a easy and yet gives you a headache, It’sgreat when it works and a mind-numbing frustration when it doesn’t. A common complaint among many who have moved to Wi-Fi is that their wireless connection mysteriously fades in and out the frequency.

These steps will help you to create a stable, Always-on the wireless connections.

1. Replace your cordless phone. Cordless phones are among the worst sources of interference for wireless networks. They intend to transmit at a higher power output than Wi-Fi gear, making them louder and therefore harder to talk over, and they tend to transmit frequently, especially when the handset and base station are separated. Some 2.4GHz cordless phones let you select a channel, in which case you can try separating the phone’s frequency from the frequency of your wireless network. For example, set your phone to channel 1 and your wireless router to channel 11. If your phone doesn’t let you select a channel, try putting some distance between your phone and your router. Generally, it’s not a good idea to place a cordless phone next to a Wi-Fi router. If this doesn’t help, consider replacing your 2.4GHz phone with a 5GHz phone. This way, your phone and network won’t be sharing the same airspace and won’t interfere with each other.

2. Expand your wireless network. The farther you are from your wireless router, the greater the potential for interference to block or to slow your connection. For example, you may be able to connect just fine in your house, but on your patio, you may have an intermittent connection that disappears whenever your neighbor is using her cordless phone. The signal on your patio may be too weak to cope with the interference coming from the house next door. You can strengthen the connection with antennas or repeaters or you can use a power-line bridge to import the connection from your router to your patio and feed it into a power-line access point. Instead of the weak signal from your distant router, you now have a strong signal from an access point placed right where you want to buttress your coverage area.

3. Change channels. Interference is a likely cause of intermittent connections, such as the one described above. All 802.11b and 802.11g networks operate at 2.4GHz, in a small swath of spectrum once used primarily by ham-radio hobbyists. Today, these radios, plus other Wi-Fi gear, Bluetooth devices, cordless phones, microwave ovens, baby monitors, and wireless surveillance equipment, all crowd the spectrum. When these devices compete for the same airspace, they interfere with each other, potentially blocking each other’s signals. Luckily, there are ways to sidestep and minimize interference in many situations. In the United States, 802.11b and 802.11g devices can be configured to operate at any one of 11 channels. Unfortunately, these channels overlap with adjacent channels, so you have only 3 nonoverlapping channels at your disposal: channels 1, 6, and 11. If you and your neighbor both have a wireless network, both of which are set to channel 6, you may experience interference. You can remedy the problem by resetting your wireless router to a different, preferably nonoverlapping, channel, in this case, either 1 or 11.

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